Decentralization has emerged as one of the most critical questions in shaping Syria’s future. In a recent dialogue, LUGARIT’s Director, Zedoun Al Zoubi, underscored how decentralization, if properly defined and sequenced, could transform the governance landscape—offering both stability and integration. The discussion highlighted key principles and pathways that deserve serious attention:

• Decentralization is key to preserving Syria’s unity and territorial integrity
  It provides a structured, legal framework for inclusive governance that unites the country while respecting its diversity. It should be pursued as a strategy for integration, not as a reaction to distrust.
  
  

• A strong center is essential for effective decentralization
  National institutions must guide and guarantee fairness, equity, and cohesion across regions. A credible decentralization process strengthens state authority.
  
  

• Decentralization needs a clear purpose and definition
  Its aim is improved service delivery, responsive governance, and rebuilding trust between citizens and the state—not simply redistributing power.
  
  

• Local governance is currently the backbone of public service delivery
  With centralized structures weakened, local entities along with local civic action are sustaining basic services and stability across many regions.
  
  

• Decree 107 offers a practical legal pathway
  However, it helps as a starting point, not a solution. A final solution requires a new administrative and political architecture with a bicameral legislative body, where the upper chamber holds district representation.
  It remains a valid and flexible framework for harmonising governance arrangements without requiring immediate constitutional changes.
  
  

• Sequencing matters: restore services first, integrate progressively
  A phased approach—starting with service delivery and community engagement—lays the groundwork for durable political and administrative reintegration.
  
  

• Capacity-building is a cornerstone of success
  Local governance actors and central institutions both need technical and managerial support to implement decentralization effectively and transparently.
  
  

• Donors must shift from top-down to mixed models of engagement
  Supporting local governance structures—while maintaining robust oversight—will create stronger accountability and accelerate stabilization.
  
  

• Decentralization as a stabilizer for negotiations
  A flexible interpretation of Decree 107 can bridge gaps between competing visions (centralist vs. federalist), reducing political deadlock and reinforcing national cohesion.
  
  

• Dialogue and innovation are urgently needed
  Launching structured consultations through the National Council for Local Administration and inclusive platforms will help prevent governance from becoming a zero-sum game.

The debate on decentralization is no longer theoretical. It is central to Syria’s recovery and reintegration, and requires both courage and pragmatism. By aligning institutional reform, local capacity, and inclusive dialogue, decentralization can become a cornerstone for rebuilding a unified and functional Syrian state.