This article explores the importance of adopting a living heritage approach to support peacebuilding in conflict zones, focusing on the case of Syria. Traditional top-down methods of heritage conservation have often clashed with local traditions, exacerbating social divisions and hindering peacebuilding efforts. The article highlights the necessity of transforming heritage discourse and standards, which have historically been influenced by Eurocentric attitudes and the Authorized Heritage Discourse (AHD). This approach has prioritized physical artifacts over living traditions, often alienating local communities.

The concept of leveraging heritage for peacebuilding emphasizes the importance of living heritage in fostering social cohesion and resilience. Examples from Syria, such as reviving agricultural practices in Dara’a and Sweidah and reopening historic irrigation canals along the Orontes River, demonstrate how communal heritage can promote social capital. However, these initiatives often lack institutional support and face political obstacles.

Expanding technical knowledge for heritage conservation involves bridging the gap between expert approaches and local community practices. This requires integrating heritage management policies with applied research and community practice, considering the historical, social, and economic contexts of heritage assets. The article argues for moving beyond reconstructing physical assets to include cultural, economic, and social criteria in heritage conservation.

Addressing heritage as a political field is crucial, as heritage can be manipulated to enforce ideologies and maintain power. Developing inclusive narratives that respect diverse perspectives and histories is essential for sustainable peacebuilding. Participatory qualitative action research is vital for understanding the complexities of living heritage and designing appropriate intervention tools.

The article concludes with recommendations for adopting a living heritage approach, promoting inclusive narratives, enhancing community participation, integrating socio-economic strategies, and encouraging participatory applied research. By embracing these recommendations, heritage conservation can become a powerful tool for peacebuilding and social cohesion in conflict-affected regions like Syria.