The political process brokered by the US and Russia has managed to create unprecedented hope to end Syria civil war. The Syrian conflicting parties have not yet fathomed the momentum of this deal. Though some progress on the ground is witnessed as part of the “cessation of hostilities”, the political process has not yet seen any major breakthroughs as the negotiating parties, supported by regional allies are resisting it every step of the way. However, the main challenges to the peace process require further understanding. War has created new geographic realities on the ground: governance structures, political economy and cultural paradigms. These geographies will not be easily by-passed. Dealing with the fragmented situation on the ground will hinder the prospects of a top-down solution, particularly as none of the negotiating parties has full control over their constituencies on the ground. The conversation is about the mechanisms to assist the political process by highlighting different scenarios for a gradual re-aggregation of the country. Dealing with local actors and local peace assets must be re-assessed to create a forceful bottom up momentum to support fragile internationally brokered Geneva talks.